use of the Mapping tools
By using the tools sequentially, social enterprise start-ups can move from problem identification to systemic understanding in a structured way. Keep in mind that this is not a linear process, but that you will often switch back and forth between tools as the understanding of the problem increases and assumptions change:
First step: orientation
1. Typology mapping - Define the nature of the problem and the stakeholders involved.
Startups use typology mapping to classify the problem they are tackling. By understanding the complexity of their problem and solution domains, and by understanding the people involved, their roles and power interests, startups can better understand the context and identify opportunities for their social enterprise. This can help startups identify areas of focus such as collaboration, advocacy, innovation or service delivery.
Results: A clear understanding of the complexity of the problem and the dynamics between stakeholders. A suitable entry point for a social enterprise.
Second step: contextualisation
2. Transition design Problem mapping - Understanding evolution
Once the type of problem is known, startups can examine how it has evolved over time. This method helps identify historical causes, patterns and long-term trajectories, which informs the type of change needed, such as disruption, reform or continuity.
Result: A system timeline showing where interventions have succeeded or failed and identifying leverage points.
third step: diagnosis
3. Fishbone diagram - Identify root causes
With a historical overview, startups can now zoom in on the root causes of the current challenge. The fishbone diagram categorises causes and sub-causes and reveals what underlies the visible symptoms of the problem.
Results: a clear overview of factors that need to be addressed, allowing superficial solutions to be avoided.
fourth step: systems thinking
4. Mess Mapping - Understand interdependencies
Finally, mess mapping integrates everything by showing how causes and effects are connected within the system. This helps teams uncover feedback loops, potential unintended consequences and the ripple effects of interventions.
Results: A visual system map marking areas where targeted action can change the system in a meaningful way.
Result of sequential use
This progress gives the start-up:
- A sharp definition of their challenge
- A timeline of how it came about
- A breakdown of root causes
- A system-level overview of opportunities and risks
- It supports thoughtful, informed design of solutions that can adapt to complexity and change.
How each tool can be used separately
Mapping typology only:
Best suited for early stage teams to decide how to address an issue (e.g. policy versus service delivery). Use it for strategic alignment or planning stakeholder engagement.
Mapping transition only:
Useful for start-ups working in traditional sectors or with long-term issues (e.g. education, housing). Helps put innovation in context and anticipate resistance or windfall.
Fishbone Diagram only:
Ideal for teams who want to get to the heart of a known problem quickly, especially when a problem is known but solutions have not worked.
Mess Mapping only:
Excellent when a start-up faces overwhelming complexity or interconnected problems (e.g. food systems, homelessness). Helps avoid silo thinking and encourages strategies for system change.